Magnetotherapy

Magnetotherapy is a form of physical therapy that uses electromagnetic energy to stimulate tissue regeneration. Magnetotherapy is a physical therapy that uses low frequency and low intensity pulsed magnetic fields; it uses the action of a magnetic field induced by an electric current flowing through a coil (solenoid). The Gauss is a unit of measure of the intensity of the magnetic field or more precisely, of the flow density. It is believed that the fundamental principle thanks to which magnetotherapy provides its therapeutic effects is that of re-establishing order in a sector that is presumably in magnetic disorder. Magnetotherapy also carries out an action that favours tissue repair processes and stimulates the natural organic defences. On the basis of their biological effects, the therapeutic action of magnetic fields can be summarized in two main areas:

• antiphlogistic and antiedemigen.
• stimulating tissue repair processes.

Cell membranes are basically “tiny batteries" and the electrical potential they supply can be measured. More specifically, in healthy nerve cells it is possible to measure a potential difference of 90 millivolts (thousands of volts) between the inner nucleus and external membrane; in other cells, this is around 70 millivolts. When the energy inside the cells runs down, the body feels the consequences in the form of inflammatory processes and bone and joint pains, backache or wounds that fail to heal. When these cells become sick, due to infection or trauma or for any other cause, they lose their energy reserve, so a cell that should have a potential of 70 millivolts when healthy, measures only 50/55 millivolts when sick. When this drops below 30 millivolts it leads to necrosis or in other words, the death of cells. The purpose of magnetotherapy is to recharge and regenerate cells lacking vital energy.

Pathologies of the musculoskeletal apparatus are the most specific field of application of magnetotherapy and post-traumatic pathologies respond particularly well to this type of treatment. All traumatic events, from minor sprains to serious fractures, can benefit from this therapy, with recovery times that are often surprising. Even bone pathologies treated with magnetotherapy have shown faster repair processes and shorter recovery times. It is thus possible to say that by exploiting low frequencies, magnetotherapy can represent a first-rate therapeutic methodology, especially for treating phlogistic, traumatic and degenerative pathologies of the osteoarticular and musculotendinous apparatus. Pulsed magnetic fields improve osteogenesis. They favour the increase in vascular supply (hyper-vascularization) and also favour an increase in bone resistance. Magnetotherapy also has beneficial effects on the central-peripheral nervous system and inflammations, favouring:

• an increase in ion exchange at the level of the cell membrane.
• stabilization of the membrane with phenomena of hyper-polarization linked to the influence on the sodium potassium pump and ion exchange.
• normalization of electrical conductivity.
• antalgic effect.
• an increase in individual mental and physical performance.
• neuroregulatory effects on the brain, the reticular substance, the hypothalamus, the adrenal gland, the liver and the spleen.
• antiedemigen effect.
• effect on the sodium potassium pump.
• modification of membrane permeability.
• bacteriostatic activity.
• resolution of muscle spasm.
• analgesic action.
• acceleration of soft tissue healing processes.
• normalization of the potential difference between the injured region of the cell membrane and the normal region (there is a potential imbalance in many pathologies).

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